Meidum Pyramid
Description: It is called the 'False' Pyramid in Egyptian Arabic. The Pyramid rises above the desert landscape, as it is located close to the Faiyum Oasis. It looks more like a ruined stepped tower, rather than a true pyramid. Today, one can clearly see only three steps of the Pyramid, however, the medieval sources tell us about the five of them. In 1882 a famous French Egyptologist Gaston Maspero was the first one, who could get inside the Pyramid. But it was absolutely empty. At the end of the last century, the relieving chambers and the passage, above other rooms, were discovered. The discovery of the previously unknown and hidden cavities is an excellent proof that the great pyramids of Egypt still keep unrevealed secrets. Alternative names: Irregular Pyramid (Arabic),False Pyramid (Arabic: "Haram el-Kaddab"),South Pyramid of Snefru (before 1945),Stable Pyramid.
Lepsius No: 65
Type: True Pyramid
Location: Meidum
Country: Egypt
Books
- Arnold, Dieter. The Encyclopedia of Ancient Egyptian Architecture. Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 2003.
- Bonani, Georges, and Herbert Haas, Zahi Hawass, Mark Lehner, Shawki Nakhla, John Nolan, Robert Wenke, Willy Wölfli. Radiocarbon Dates of Old and Middle Kingdom Monuments in Egypt. Near East Chronology: Archaeology and Environment. RADIOCARBON, Vol 43, Nr 3, Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona, 2001, pp. 1297-1320.
- Borchardt, Ludwig. Die Entstehung der Pyramide. An der Baugeschichte der Pyramide bei Mejdum Nachgewiesen. Berlin: Julius Springer, 1928.
- Budka, Julia. "Die Pyramide von Meidum - Das Verbindungsglied von Stufenmastaba und echter Pyramide". Kemet 8, Nr. 4, 1999, pp. 9-13.
- Clayton, Peter A. Chronicle of the Pharaohs. The Reign-by-Reign Record of the Rulers and Dynasties of Ancient Egypt. London: Thames & Hudson Ltd, 1994. Reprinted 2001.
- Dash, Glen. "Occam’s Egyptian Razor: The Equinox and the Alignment of the Pyramids". The Journal of Ancient Egyptian Architecture, Vol II. 2017, pp. 1-8.
- Edwards, I.E.S. The Pyramids of Egypt. The Viking Press, Inc., New York, 1972.
- Fakhry, Ahmed. The Pyramids. Chicago, University of Chicago, 1961.
- Gundacker, Roman. "Zur Struktur der Pyramidennamen der 4.Dynastie." Sokar No. 18 (1/2009), pp. 26-30.
- Hamilton, Keith. The Meidum Pyramid. A Layman's Guide. Internet Resource, 2017.
- Hamilton, Keith. The Subsidiary Pyramid at Meidum. Is it a 60 degree pyramid?. Internet Resource, 2018.
- Irigaray, Christian. The Pyramids of Sneferu. Internet Resource, Montevideo, 2020.
- Klemm, Dietrich, and Rosemarie Klemm. The Stones of the Pyramids: Provenance of the Building Stones of the Old Kingdom Pyramids of Egypt. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2010.
- Lehner, Mark. The Complete Pyramids. Solving the Ancient Mysteries. London: Thames & Hudson Ltd, 1997. Reprinted 2001.
- Maragioglio, Vito and Celeste Ambrogio Rinaldi. L'Architettura delle Piramidi Menfite. Parte III. Il Complesso di Meydum, la Piramide Doppia Pendenza e la Piramide Settentrionale in Pietra di Dahsciur. Tavole. Tipografia Canessa: Rapallo, 1964.
- Maragioglio, Vito and Celeste Ambrogio Rinaldi. L'Architettura delle Piramidi Menfite. Parte III. Il Complesso di Meydum, la Piramide Doppia Pendenza e la Piramide Settentrionale in Pietra di Dahsciur. Testo. Tipografia Canessa: Rapallo, 1964.
- Maspero, Gaston. History of Egypt, Chaldea, Syria, Babylonia and Assyria. Vol. 2. London: William Clowes and Sons, Limited, 1903.
- Maspero, Gaston. Manual of Egyptian Archaeology and Guide to the Study of Antiquities in Egypt / Translated by Agnes S. Johns. London: Hazell, Watson and Viney, LD., 1914.
- Maspero, Gaston. Manual of Egyptian Archaeology and Guide to the Study of Antiquities in Egypt/ Translated by Amelia B. Edwards. London: Grevel, 1895.
- Mendelssohn, Kurt. The Riddle of the Pyramids. London: Thames & Hudson Ltd, 1974.
- Monnier, Franck and David Lightbody. The Great Pyramid: 2590 BC onwards - An insight into the construction, meaning and exploration of the Great Pyramid of Giza (Operations Manual). Haynes Publishing, Yeovil, 2019.
- Monnier, Franck. "The satellite pyramid of Meidum and the problem of the pyramids attributed to Snefru". The Journal of Ancient Egyptian Architecture, Vol III, 2018, pp. 1-23.
- Perring, John Shae. The Pyramids to the Southward of Gizeh and at Abou Roash: also Campbell's Tomb, and a Section of the Rock at Gizeh: from actual survey and admeasurement. Part III. James Frazer and John Weale, London, 1842.
- Petrie, William Matthew Flinders, and Mackay, Ernest, and Wainwright, Gerald. Meydum and Memphis (III). London: Hazell, Watson and Viney, LD., 1910.
- Petrie, William Matthew Flinders. Medum. London: William Clowes and Sons, Limited, 1892.
- Petrie, William Matthew Flinders. The Pyramids and Temples of Gizeh. London: Field & Tuer "The Leadenhall Press", 1883.
- Reader, Colin. The Meidum Pyramid. In: Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt, Vol. 51, 2015, pp. 203 - 224.
- Reisner, George A. The Development of the Egyptian Tomb down to the accession of Cheops. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1936.
- Robert, M.A. "Sur quelques graffites grecs decouverts au sommet de la pyramide de Meidoum". Annales du service des antiquités de lÉgypte. Vol 3, Le Caire, 1902, pp. 77-79.
- Rowe, Alan. "Excavations of the Eckley B.Cox Expedition at Meydum, Egypt, 1929-30". The Museum Journal. Volume XXII, No.1 (March, 1931), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1931, pp. 5-46.
- Stadelmann, Rainer. "King Huni. His Monuments and His Place in the History of the Old Kingdom". The Archaeology and Art of Ancient Egypt: Essays in Honor of David B. O'Connor, vol. II. Conceil Suprême des Antiquités de l’Égypte, Cairo, 2007, pp. 439-444.
- Vercoutter, Jean. L'Égypte et la vallée du Nil, des origines à la fin de l'ancien empire 12000-2000 Av. J.-C. Nouvelle Clio, PUF, Paris, 1992.
- Verner, Miroslav. The Pyramids: The Archeology and History of Egypt's Iconic Monuments. New and Updated Edition. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2020.
- Verner, Miroslav. The Pyramids. The Mystery, Culture and Science of Egypt's Great Monuments. London: Atlantic Books, 2001.
- Vyse, Colonel Howard, and Perring, John Shae. Appendix to Operations Carried on at the Pyramids of Gizeh in 1837. Vol III, Moyes and Barclay, London, 1842.
- Wilkinson, Richard H. The Complete Temples of Ancient Egypt. New York: Thames & Hudson Ltd, 2000.
- Пучков, Александр. О некоторых особенностях комплекса Медумской пирамиды. Internet Resource, 2013.
Articles
Videos
- Excavations at the Site of Seneferu's Pyramid (1930).
- Pyramides: Les Mystères Révélés. "Meïdoum et le mystère de la fausse pyramide", Saison 1, Épisode 3. Label News for RMC Découverte and Science & Vie TV, 2018.
- Time Scanners. "Egyptian Pyramids", Season 1, Series 1. Atlantic Productions, 2014.